Moses was born on the 7th of Adar of the year 2368 from creation (1393 BCE); accordingly, Adar 14 was the 8th day of his life and the day on which he was circumcised in accordance with the Divine command to Abraham.
The festival of Purim celebrates the salvation of the Jewish people from Haman's plot "to destroy, kill and annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in a single day."
The events of Purim extended over a period of several years, culminating in the victory celebrations of Adar 14-15 of 356 BCE. Below is a timeline of the major events. For the detailed story, see the Book of Esther and The Story of Purim
|
Event |
Date | |
|
Achashveirosh ascends the throne of Persia |
369 BCE | |
Achashveirosh's 180-day feast; Queen Vashti executed |
366 BCE | |
Esther becomes queen |
Tevet, 362 BCE | |
Haman casts lots to choose date for Jews' annihilation |
Nissan, 357 BCE | |
Royal decree ordering killing of all Jews |
Nissan 13, 357 BCE | |
Mordechai calls on Jews to repent; 3-day fast ordered by Esther |
Nissan 14-16, 357 BCE | |
Esther goes to Achashveirosh; hosts 1st wine party with Achashveirosh and Haman |
Nissan 16, 357 BCE | |
Esther's 2nd wine party; Haman's downfall and hanging |
Nissan 17, 357 BCE | |
|
Second decree issued by Achashveirosh, empowering the Jews to defend themselves |
Sivan 23, 357 BCE | |
|
Battles fought throughout the empire against those seeking to kill the Jews; Haman's ten sons killed |
Adar 13, 356 BCE | |
|
Purim celebrations everywhere, except Shushan where 2nd day of battles are fought |
Adar 14, 356 BCE | |
|
Purim celebration in Shushan |
Adar 15, 356 BCE | |
|
Megillah written by Esther and Mordechai; Festival of Purim instituted for all generations |
355 BCE |
On August 2, 1990, the Iraqi army under Saddam Hussein occupied Kuwait. After five weeks of heavy fighting, coalition forces succeeded in liberating Kuwait, and a ceasefire was declared on February 28, 1991, corresponding to the holiday of Purim.
Despite threats from Saddam to bombard Israel with chemical warheads, the Lubavitcher Rebbe, R. Menachem Mendel Schneerson, stated unequivocally that “the Land of Israel is the safest place in the world,” and predicted that the war would be over by Purim.
Links: I Will Show You Wonders; Purim Saddam; End the War Now!
Purim observances include:
a) Reading of the Megillah (Book of Esther), which recounts the story of the Purim miracle.
b) Giving to the poor (gifts of money should be given to at least two poor people).
c) Sending gifts of food to friends (a minimum of two ready-to-eat foods to at least one friend).
d) The Purim feast.
e) Reciting the Al Hanissim prayer.
Customs include dressing up in disguising costumes and the traditional Purim food, the hamantash. For more detailed information, see links below.
(In Jerusalem and other ancient walled cities, the festival is observed tomorrow--see entries for Adar 15.)
Virtual Purim (a website offering the story of Purim, detailed How-To's, articles and essays, Purim songs and videos, and a global Purim event directory).
A special Purim site for kids
The book of Esther with commentary.
A Purim anthology
There are three ways to bring unity between two opposites:
One
Introduce a power that transcends them both, and to which they both utterly surrender their entire being.
Externally, they now seem at peace with one other, because they are both under the influence of the same force.
But they themselves know that they are not truly at peace, and that such peace cannot endure, because their own being is simply ignored.
Two
Find a middle ground where the two meet.
The two are now at peace, but only on that middle ground
The rest of their territory remains apart, distant, without room for the other.
Three
Reach deeper, into the very essence of the two beings, and discover that at this point, in every aspect, they are no more than two expressions of the same one G-d.